One of Still Bright’s founders, Jon Vardner, was researching copper reactions and vanadium flow batteries when he came up ...

Copper smelting is an intricate high‐temperature process that converts copper concentrates into purer metallic copper through a series of chemical and thermal reactions. Central to modern smelting ...

China is introducing stricter regulations for new copper smelters to manage excess capacity and ensure a stable mine supply. The Chinese government aims to reduce import dependence by increasing ...

Copper smelters from 3,000 years ago may have experimented with materials just enough to launch the Iron Age. The Bronze Age gave way to the Iron Age as the refining process of iron was discovered.