The fact that an ultrashort laser pulse is capable of demagnetizing a ferromagnetic layer in a jiffy has been well-known since approximately 1996. What we don't yet understand, however, is how exactly ...

Adiabatic demagnetization is an efficient technique for cooling solid samples by several orders of magnitude in a single cooling step. In gases, the required coupling between dipolar moments and ...

Free electron X-ray lasers deliver intense, ultrashort pulses of X-rays, which can be used to image nanometer-scale objects in a single shot. When the X-ray wavelength is tuned to an electronic ...

The discovery of femtosecond laser-induced demagnetization in ferromagnetic nickel in 1996 marked the birth of ultrafast spin dynamics research. This phenomenon not only provides new insights into the ...

The Einstein-de Haas effect, first demonstrated more than a century ago, provides an intriguing link between magnetization and rotation in ferromagnetic materials. Researchers have now found that the ...

When a magnetic material like nickel is zapped with an incredibly short laser pulse, it loses its magnetism almost instantly within femtoseconds, or a millionth of a billionth of a second. But physics ...

Carl Friedrich Gauss was a brilliant mathematician whose insights and writings laid the groundwork for much of what is known today concerning number theory, algebra, differential geometry, orbital ...