The cellular uptake of biodegradable particles as drug or vaccine carriers was observed by scanning electron microscopy employing an ionic liquid. The samples were observed by simply dipping them into ...

The four fundamental states of matter are solid, liquid, gas and plasma, but there others, such as Bose-Einstein condensates and time crystals, that are man-made. When you purchase through links on ...

The ability to control the selectivity and angular flexibility of interparticle interactions 5 makes it possible to provide valence to colloids. This can be done by means of chemical 6,7,8 or physical ...

While thermodynamics has long concerned itself with understanding the equilibrium between various phases, classical thermodynamics only cares about long-term behaviors that occur after equilibrium is ...