Long-simmering tensions between Hizbullah and Israel have erupted into conflict. We estimate that nearly 1.5m Lebanese and around 2m Israelis—roughly a quarter and a fifth of their respective populations—live within 1km of a strike or falling debris.

Iran's extensive missile program, ranging from short-range tactical systems to long-range weapons covering much of the Middle East, serves as a core element of its deterrence and retaliation strategy.

Iran is roughly the same size as Alaska, 2.5 times the size of Texas and covers about one-sixth of the US land area.

The escalating U.S.–Israeli war with Iran and Tehran’s retaliation against Gulf neighbours have severely disrupted Middle Eastern energy infrastructure and global oil and gas flows. Israeli strikes on Iran’s South Pars gas field and the Asaluyeh processing hub on March 18 triggered a wave of retaliatory attacks across the Gulf that hit refineries,

"Remember when I gave Iran ten days to MAKE A DEAL or OPEN UP THE HORMUZ STRAIT," Mr. Trump wrote on Truth Social. "Time is running out – 48 hours before all Hell will reign down on them. Glory be to GOD!