Rationale for modification 1. In the early 2000s, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group developed a framework in which the certainty in evidence was based on numerous factors and not solely on study design which challenges the pyramid concept.8 Study design alone appears to be insufficient on its own as a surrogate for risk of bias.

3 days ago · BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine (BMJ EBM) publishes original evidence-based research, insights and opinions on what matters for health care. We focus on the tools, methods, and concepts that are basic and central to practising evidence-based medicine and deliver relevant, trustworthy and impactful evidence.

Jan 1, 2025 · Background Health technology assessment (HTA) is a valuable tool for informing the efficient allocation of resources in healthcare. However, the resource-intensive nature of HTA can limit its application, especially in low-resource settings. Adapting HTA processes by assessing the available international evidence offers a pragmatic approach to provide evidence for decision-making where ...

Dissemination has been defined as ‘the targeted distribution of information and intervention materials to a specific public health or clinical practice audience’,1 and as being ‘simply about getting the findings of your research to the people who can make use of them, to maximise the benefit of the research without delay’.2 Ethics guidelines concur that …

Vaccination is a life-saving endeavour, yet risk and uncertainty are unavoidable in science and medicine. Vaccination remains contentious in the public mind, and vaccine hesitancy is a serious public health issue. This has recently been reignited in the discussion over potential side effects of COVID-19 vaccines, and the decision by several countries …

External validity is a construct that attempts to answer the question of whether we can use the results of a study in patients other than those enrolled in the study. External validity consists of two unique underlying concepts, generalisability and …

Objectives This study aims to evaluate (1) the effect and safety of acupuncture in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and explore (2) whether the effect of acupuncture differed according to acupuncture type, acupuncture dose and follow-up time. Design Systematic review and pairwise and exploratory network meta-analysis. Setting PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central …

You are a primary care physician seeing a 53 year old man who was examined 2 days ago in an emergency department for an episode of syncope. He had been waiting in a long queue when he felt lightheaded and nauseated; then he lost consciousness, with no witnessed seizure activity. He has been healthy, with no known cardiac or neurological disease. In the emergency department, his vital signs and ...

Objectives In General Practice consultations the patient’s agenda frequently remains hidden. ICE (Ideas, Concerns and Expectations) is a concept in consultation skills training to elicit the patient’s agenda. It has been shown to reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The objective of this study was to implement ICE as a tool for practicing patient-centered-communication and to test its ...

Methods A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo and Google Scholar up to 2 June 2023 to identify guidelines for the development and validation of PROMs. Screening of records and reports as well as data extraction were performed by two reviewers. To assess the comprehensiveness of the included guidelines, a mapping synthesis was performed and steps to develop and validate ...